物理与工程

本文的目标是在大学物理教学中探讨引入计算思维的模型教学方法。以理想气体分子速率分布律的教学为例：假设从一个热力学平衡系统中采用随机抽样获得了部分理想气体分子的速度，讨论怎样用数值计算的方法分析得到系统中分子速率的分布情况，并引入速率分布函数的定义。通过与麦克斯韦速率分布规律进行比较，进而用Matlab计算工具拟合出了系统的温度，与理想气体的平均平动动能所得到的温度高度一致。总结得出，在大学物理教学中进行计算思维的培养和训练有非常重要的意义，类似的思维训练能较好地提升学生用计算机处理物理问题的能力。本文还提出了作者的一些教法建议。

The goal of this paper is to explore a model teaching method of introducing computational thinking into college physics teaching. Taking the teaching of ideal gas molecular speed distribution law as an example: assuming that the velocities of some ideal gas molecules are obtained by random sampling from a thermodynamic equilibrium system, this paper discusses how to analyze and obtain the distribution of molecular speed in the system by numerical calculation, and introduces the definition of speed distribution function. By comparing with Maxwell's speed distribution law, the temperature of the system is fitted with Matlab calculation tool, which is highly consistent with that obtained by the average translational kinetic energy of the ideal gas. It is concluded that the cultivation and training of computational thinking in college physics teaching is of great significance. Similar thinking training can better improve students' ability to deal with physical problems with computers. Some teaching suggestions of the author are put forward.