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20世纪90年代以来,统计物理学界最重要的成果之一是Jarzynski在1997年得到的一个远离平衡态等式,称为Jarzynski等式。其具有广泛的适用性,且已经在单个DNA分子的实验上得到了证实和应用。Jarzynski等式具有重要的意义:利用该等式可以由非平衡物理过程中功的测量来精确地计算两个平衡态之间Helmholz自由能的差。本文简要综述了Jarzynski等式理论和实验的重要研究成果,表明Jarzynski等式是物理世界中一个非常本质的规律,进而阐明统计物理教材或教学的讨论课程中引入这一等式的必要性。
Abstract：Jarzynski equality found in 1997 by Jarzynski is one of the most important achievements in non-equilibrium statistical physics since 1990 s,which has a wide applicability and has been proved and applied in the experiments of single DNA molecules.It relates fluctuations in the work performed during a non-equilibrium process,to the free energy difference between two equilibrium states of the system.In the paper,we briefly review theoretical and experimental progresses of Jarzynski equality,show that Jarzynski equality is a very essential law in the physical world,and discuss the necessity of introducing Jarzynski equality to the textbook or a discussion course in statistical physics teaching.
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基本信息:
DOI：
中图分类号:G642;O414.2-4
引用信息:
[1]覃莉.统计物理教学中引入Jarzynski等式的必要性[J].物理与工程,2018,28(02):45-47+52.
基金信息:
西北农林科技大学2017年教学改革研究项目“适应学生学科背景的《大学物理》教学内容优化及相应教学方法的研究”资助