物理与工程

细长形金属圆棒裸露置于自然环境下，热量传递的物理过程包括热传导、热对流、热辐射。金属棒被持续加热后再停止加热，对其升温、稳态、降温三个过程进行实时温度监测，根据热传导方程，通过分析不同阶段热传导、热对流、热辐射在热量传递中的占比，实现了导热系数、比热容、对流换热系数和发射率的测量。较于传统实验装置，该装置结构简单，传热模型从一维扩展到三维，是基于自然环境下金属的自然散热，有助于学生更好地理解热量传递的物理过程，实验原理也有助于学生理解物理中的数学方法。该研究丰富了热物性参数测量的教学内容和实验方法，适用于实验室开展教学实验。

The physical process of heat transfer including conduction, convection and radiation when the thin metal rod is exposed to the natural environment. After the metal rod is continuously heated and then stopped heating, the temperature of the three processes of temperature rise, steady state and cooling are monitored in real time. By analyzing the proportion of conduction, convection and radiation in heat transfer at different temperature stages, the thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, convective heat transfer coefficient and emissivity are measured. Compared with the traditional experimental setups, the device has a simple structure, and the heat transfer model extends from one-dimension to three-dimensions, based on the natural cooling of the metal under natural environmental conditions, which helps students better understand the physical processes of heat transfer. The experimental principle also helps students to understand the mathematical methods in physics. This study enriches the teaching content and experimental method of thermal physical property parameter measurement, which is suitable for laboratories to carry out teaching experiments.