气体输运过程微观机制的“2λ问题”:一个教学方案THE “2λ PROBLEM” IN THE MICROSCOPIC MECHANISM OF GAS TRANSPORT: A TEACHING SCHEME
赵可
摘要(Abstract):
推导气体的输运性质相关系数的微观机制中的“2λ”问题(穿过分界面的分子该段自由程平均值为2倍平均自由程),是“热学”教学中一个常见的疑点。本文首先系统性梳理中外教材和国内教学论文关于该问题的处理方法,包括立体角积分、一维运动简化模型等。然后本文提出了一个用线段表示分子自由程的图形化的课堂教学方案,并且对相关的一些关键问题进行了讨论。该方案可以在不使用积分计算的情况下,用很短的课堂教学时间让学生定性地了解和接受“2λ”相关的结论。
关键词(KeyWords): 气体输运过程;分子动理论;平均自由程;教学方案
基金项目(Foundation): 2022年西南交通大学高水平育人课程教学改革项目一流本科课程建设专项-普通物理-热学;; 教育部高等学校物理学类专业教学指导委员会2025年度高等学校热学课程教学研究项目(编号:JZW-25-RX-08)
作者(Author): 赵可
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