太阳能电池实验中光电转换效率的评估EVALUATION OF PHOTOELECTRIC CONVERSION EFFICIENCY IN SOLAR CELL EXPERIMENTS
陈勤妙,倪一,吕昭月
摘要(Abstract):
太阳能是当今能源短缺和环境污染问题的有效解决方案之一。大学物理实验中的“太阳能电池实验”对于学生理解太阳能利用具有重要意义,获得了国内外高校的青睐。但受制于仪器设备等因素,传统的“太阳能电池实验”教学内容往往局限于伏安特性的测量,缺乏对太阳能利用的核心参数(如太阳能电池转换效率)的测量。此外,伏安特性测量得到的开路电压和短路电流是太阳能电池板的参数,并非单体太阳能电池的参数。本文对太阳能电池板(组件)和太阳能电池(单体)两者间的联系与区别进行了分析讨论。在太阳能电池转换效率求解方面,本文从太阳能电池转换效率的本质出发,对系统光路进行了调整优化,利用光强探测器获得了太阳能电池的入射光功率密度5.654mW/cm~2。通过太阳能电池板的输出特性分析获得了太阳能电池的输出功率密度1.2903mW/cm~2。采用光功率密度比值计算了卤钨灯辐照下的太阳能电池转换效率22.821%。此外,本文还提出了一种简化的显著缩短实验时长的测量方法,可为太阳能电池实验中光电转换效率评估测量提供教学参考。本文旨在为丰富太阳能电池实验教学内容、提升学生对太阳能利用效果的完整认识和科学评判能力提供参考。
关键词(KeyWords): 太阳能电池;伏安特性;光功率密度;光电转换效率
基金项目(Foundation): 华东理工大学大学生创新训练项目(X202310251265);华东理工大学本科实践教学改革与建设项目“《应用物理学专业实验》项目式教学改革与实践”(华东理工大学校教[2024] 14号)
作者(Author): 陈勤妙,倪一,吕昭月
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