超低温下热力学系统的化学亲和势和反应热CHEMICAL AFFINITY AND HEAT REACTION OF THERMODYNAMIC SYSTEMS AT ULTRA-LOW TEMPERATURES
周颖慧,赵英汝,苏国珍,陈金灿
摘要(Abstract):
化学亲和势和反应热是研究低温化学反应的热力学系统性能的两个重要参数。本文阐明对于仅包含体变功的热力学系统,这两个参数在可逆等温等压过程中可由热力学理论算出均为零;而这两个参数在不可逆等温等压过程中必须由实验测定,具体数值依赖于等温等压过程的不可逆程度,但它们之间的关系可应用热力学理论进行讨论;当温度为绝对零度时,这两个参数均为零。教科书和文献中给出的一些算例是值得商榷的。
关键词(KeyWords): 化学亲和势;反应热;化学反应;等温等压过程;热力学
基金项目(Foundation): 福建省高校物理学学科联盟教育教学改革研究项目(FJPHYS-2023)资助
作者(Author): 周颖慧,赵英汝,苏国珍,陈金灿
DOI: 10.27024/j.wlygc.2025.06.04.02
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