人才培养目标导向的计算物理课程教学改革:以电子科技大学“强基计划”为例TALENT CULTIVATION-GUIDED REFORM TO THE TEACHING OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS: A CASE STUDT IN THE “STRENGTHENING BASIC DISCIPLINES PLAN” AT UESTC
靳亚康,李培友,陶然,陈龙泉
摘要(Abstract):
计算物理是面向应用物理学专业本科生开设的专业核心课程。为了巩固学生的“物理兴趣”、启迪学生的“创新思维”、帮助学生发展应用计算物理方法解决实际物理问题的能力,实现“知识—能力—素质”全面发展的物理基础学科拔尖创新人才培养目标,笔者近年来开展了以下三个方面的教学改革实践:基于物理学科知识拓扑,通过“传承经典+探索前沿”的“科教融合式”教学理念广泛拓展课程元素,并及时更新教学软件且有机融入课程思政内容,激发了学生对物理基础科学的学术志趣;探索了以“问题导向的探究式课程教学”和“项目驱动的研讨式专题课程”相融合的教学设计改革,引导学生自主提出问题进而培养其批判精神和创新意识;重构了课程考核评价体系,对学生学习进行多维度、全过程考核,重点评估学生对计算物理理论知识的掌握及其运用计算物理方法解决具体问题的能力。
关键词(KeyWords): 计算物理;基础学科拔尖创新人才;强基计划
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(12202096);; 四川省高等教育人才培养质量和教学改革项目(JG2024-0226);; 电子科技大学“专业核心课程体系建设计划”(2023HXTX010);电子科技大学课程教改项目(2024XSYT0111)
作者(Author): 靳亚康,李培友,陶然,陈龙泉
参考文献(References):
- [1] FREEMAN A.堪为物理学第三分支的计算物理[J].物理学进展,1984,4(1):1-11.FREEMAN A.Computational physics as the third branch of physics[J].Progress in Physics,1984,4(1):1-11.(in Chinese)
- [2] 姜向伟,李新征,王磊,等.国家自然科学基金新增代码“计算物理”内涵及重要研究领域[J].中国科学:物理学力学天文学,2024,54(4):247102.JIANG X W,LI X Z,WANG L,et al.The connnotation and key research areas of the new application code “computational physics” of the National Natural Science Foundation of China[J].SCIENTIA SINICA Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica,2024,54(4):247102.(in Chinese)
- [3] 向涛,龚新高.国家自然科学基金计算物理前沿与展望专题·编者按[J].中国科学:物理学力学天文学,2024,54(4):247101.XIANG T,GONG X G.Special topic:Frontiers and prospects of computational physics in National Natural Science Foundation of China[J].SCIENTIA SINICA Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica,2024,54(4):247101.(in Chinese)
- [4] 张开明.我国大学计算物理教学情况[J].计算物理,1988,(3):381.ZHANG K M.The Teaching Situation of Computational Physics in Chinese Universities[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Physics,1988,(3):381.(in Chinese)
- [5] 马文淦.计算物理学[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.MA W G.Computational Physics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2005.(in Chinese)
- [6] 顾昌鑫.计算物理学[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2010.GU C X.Computational Physics[M].Shanghai:Fudan University Press,2020.(in Chinese)
- [7] 彭芳麟.计算物理基础[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.PENG F L.Fundamentals of Computational Physics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2010.(in Chinese)
- [8] 教育部高等学校物理学与天文学教学指导委员会.高等学校物理学本科指导性专业规范[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010.Teaching Guidance Committee for Physics and Astronomy in Higher Education Institutions of the Ministry of Education.Guidelines for Undergraduate Majoring Physics in Higher Education Institutions[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2010.(in Chinese)
- [9] 教育部高等学校物理学与天文学教学指导委员会.高等学校应用物理学本科指导性专业规范[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010.Teaching Guidance Committee for Physics and Astronomy in Higher Education Institutions of the Ministry of Education.Guidelines for Undergraduate Majoring Applied Physics in Higher Education Institutions[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2010.(in Chinese)
- [10] 国务院学位委员会第七届学科评议组.学术学位研究生核心课程指南(一)(试行)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2020.The 7th Discipline Evaluation Group of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council.Guidelines on Core Courses for Postgraduate Students (Part 1)[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2020.(in Chinese)
- [11] 基础学科系列“101计划”秘书处.物理学“101计划”核心课程[EB/OL].https://101.pku.edu.cn,2025.02.
- [12] 教育部.教育部关于在部分高校开展基础学科招生改革试点工作的意见[EB/OL].http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A15/moe_776/s3258/202001/t20200115_415589.html,2020.01.
- [13] 曾勇,黄艳,向桂君,等.从新生项目课开始:新工科建设“成电方案”的设计与实践[J].高等工程教育研究,2020,(1):14-19.ZENG Y,HUANG Y,XIANG G J,et al.Design and practice of UESTC-New E3 plan for emerging engineering:starting from the freshman project courses[J].Research in Higher Education of Engineering,2020,(1):14-19.(in Chinese)
- [14] 曾勇,黄艳,黄廷祝,等.面向未来的新工科教育与“成电方案”2.0的迭代创新[J].高等工程教育研究,2021,(3):16-20.ZENG Y,HUANG Y,HUANG T Z,et al.Future oriented emerging engineering education and iterative innovation of “UESTC-New E3” 2.0[J].Research in Higher Education of Engineering,2021,(3):16-20.(in Chinese)
- [15] 向桂君,田伟霞,黄艳,等.工科为主大学的通识教育之道[J].中国大学教学,2018,(3):62-66.XIANG G J,TIAN W X,HUANG Y,et al.The path of general education in engineering-oriented universities[J].China University Teaching,2018,(3):62-66.(in Chinese)
- [16] 吕广宏,梁林云,姜寅,等.计算物理课程的本研协同建设[J].大学物理,2022,41(1):1-7.LYU G H,LIANG L Y,JIANG Y,et al.Concerted construction of undergraduate and graduate courses of computational physics[J].College Physics,2022,41(1):1-7.(in Chinese)
- [17] 彭芳麟,梁颖,忻蓓.计算软件在计算物理课程中的地位和作用[J].大学物理,2013,32(8):6-11.PENG F L,LIANG Y,XIN B.Function of calculation software in the computational physics course[J].College Physics,2013,32(8):6-11.(in Chinese)
- [18] 王彦超,任新国,高朋越,等.我国计算物理软件研发的现状及展望[J].中国科学:物理学力学天文学,2024,54(4):247110.WANG Y C,REN X G,GAO P Y,et al.The development and perspective of computational physics software in China[J].SCIENTIA SINICA Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica,2024,54(4):247110.(in Chinese)
- [19] 谢文法,张乐天,刘士浩.Python可视化技术在电动力学教学中的应用[J].物理与工程,2024,34(1):92-96.XIE W F,ZHANG L T,LIU S H.Application of python visualization techniques in electrodynamics teaching[J].Physics and Engineering,2024,34(1):92-96.(in Chinese)
- [20] 陆爱江.从解题到研究:“计算物理”案例式在线教学举例[J].大学物理,2021,40(1):51-54.LU A J.From solving problems to researching—case teaching in computational physics[J].College Physics,2021,40(1):51-54.(in Chinese)
- [21] 张国锋.问题驱动的类比法、互动型、研究性教学模式:以电磁学课程建设为例[J].物理与工程,2024,34(4):71-75.ZHANG G F.Problem-driven analogy,interactive and research-orientated teaching model—take the electromagnetism course as an example[J].Physics and Engineering,2024,34(4):71-75.(in Chinese)
- [22] CHEN S,SEARA D S,MICHAUD A,et al.Energy partitioning in the cell cortex[J].Nature Physics,2024,20:1824-1832.
- [23] STADDON M F.How the zebra got its stripes:Curvature-dependent diffusion orients Turing patterns on three-dimensional surfaces[J].Physical Review E,2024,110(3):034402.