声折射演示仪的设计DESIGN OF DEMOSTRATION INSTRUMENT OF SOUND WAVE REFRACTION
王浠丞,范居晟,张可欣,朱星潼,张图玖,董永钊,王雷,曾光辉,芮云军
摘要(Abstract):
声波传播问题在物理学研究中十分普遍。“耳听为虚,眼见为实”,借助现代纹影显示技术将声波可视化,演示声音折射现象,验证折射定律。实验中,超声探头前安装菲涅耳声透镜,将球面波转化为平面波;透明气盒中充入二氧化碳,使之与盒外空气形成折射界面;利用驻波,强化声折射传播路径。对球面波发射后的折射波面并非“同心圆面”也进行了分析。为了演示声波的全反射,设计了水-盐水液体界面。这些都有益于学生理解声波传播以及惠更斯原理。
关键词(KeyWords): 纹影显示技术;声波折射;声透镜;平面波;驻波;全反射;惠更斯原理
基金项目(Foundation): 教育部产学合作协同育人项目(230802116040538);; 国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202510291085);; 南京工业大学教育教学改革研究课题(20230058)
作者(Author): 王浠丞,范居晟,张可欣,朱星潼,张图玖,董永钊,王雷,曾光辉,芮云军
参考文献(References):
- [1]吴博清,朱倩瑶,余聪.基于本征函数的电磁波和声波反/折射类比[J].大学物理, 2024, 43(8):78-84.WU B Q, ZHU Q Y, YU C. Analogy study of acoustic wave and electromagnetic wave reflection and refraction through eigenfuction[J]. College Physics, 2024, 43(8):78-84.(in Chinese)
- [2]波的反射与折射——声音“跳远”[J].国防科技, 2003(10):80.Reflection and Refraction of Waves Sound Jump[J]. National Defense Science and Technology, 2003(10):80.(in Chinese)
- [3]谢谦,宋亚峰,史军辉.海市蜃楼两种模型的理论研究及实验模拟[J].物理与工程, 2025, 35(2):61-66.XIE Q, SONG Y F, SHI J H. Theoretical research and experimental simulation of two kinds of mirage phenomenon models[J]. Physics and Engineering, 2025, 35(2):61-66.(in Chinese)
- [4]魏墨盦.声波反射和折射中的一个问题[J].物理通报,1963(3):164-165.WEI M A. A problem in sound wave reflection and refraction[J]. Physics Bulletin,1963(3):164-165.(in Chinese)
- [5]邵长金,张国林,孙为.声波在运动层状介质中的反射和折射[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2002, 26(6):124-126.SHAO C J, ZHANG G L, SUN W. Reflection and transmission of sound wave in discretely moving and layered media[J]. Journal of the University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science), 2002, 26(6):124-126.(in Chinese)
- [6]潘天辰,赵金龙,黄永政,等.可视化声学实验内容的设计[J].大学物理实验, 2023, 36(3):1-6.PAN T C, ZHAO J L, HUANG Y Z, et al. Design of visualizing acoustic experiment contents[J]. Physical Experiment of College,2023, 36(3):1-6.(in Chinese)
- [7]胡斌,夏珣,熊畅,等.纹影法在超声波可视化及声速测量中的应用[J].大学物理, 2018, 37(2):64-67.HU B, XIA X, Xiong C, et al. Application of Schlieren system in visualization of ultrasonic wave and velocity measuring[J]. College Physics, 2018, 37(2):64-67.(in Chinese)
- [8]李泽佑,邹曹沂,虞期盼,等.可视化菲涅耳超声透镜实验[J].大学物理, 2022, 41(7):73-76.LI Z Y, ZOU C X, YU Q P, et al. Visualization of Fresnel ultrasonic lens experiment[J]. College Physics, 2022, 41(7):73-76.(in Chinese)
- [9]陈冰心,朱浩宇,涂宏业,等.基于半波带法菲涅耳声透镜的仿真与实验研究[J].大学物理, 2018, 37(10):54-59.CHEN B X, ZHU H Y, TU H Y, et al. Simulation and experimental study of Fresnel acoustic lens based on half-wave zone method[J]. College Physics, 2018, 37(10):54-59.(in Chinese)
- [10]俞鹏.什么是光的全反射现象?声波有全反射吗?[J].科学世界, 2016(6):105.YU P. What is the total reflection phenomenon of light?Do sound waves have total reflection?[J]. Science World,2016(6):105.(in Chinese)
- [11]韦维,彭麒维,刘彩霞,等.基于海市蜃楼原理测量溶液的折射率[J].物理实验,2022,42(5):30-34.WEI W, PENG Q W, LIU C X, et al. Measuring refractive index of solution based on mirage principle[J]. Physics Experimentation, 2022,42(5):30-34.
- [12]李一彤,陈杭,李承乾,等.基于控温系统的超声光栅测量透明液体浓度[J].大学物理, 2024, 43(3):74-78.LI Y T, CHEN H, LI C Q, et al. Concentration measurement of transparent liquid based on ultrasonic grating and temperature control system[J]. College Physics, 2024,43(3):74-78.