天然放射性γ能谱实验研究EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF GAMMA-RAY SPECTRA USING NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY
宋国锋,谢宁,蔡俊,王中平,张增明
摘要(Abstract):
本文提出一种基于天然放射性核素的γ能谱实验教学方案,以替代传统人工放射源(如~(137)Cs、~(60)Co)。实验采用氧化镥中的~(176)Lu和氯化钾中的~(40)K作为天然γ射线源,分析表明实验使用的材料的放射性活度远低于国家标准规定的豁免放射源活度上限值,无辐射安全风险。使用NaI(Tl)闪烁体能谱仪采集能谱,分析了~(176)Lu(88keV、202keV、307keV)和~(40)K(1461keV)的能谱特征,完成多峰能量定标(线性相关系数>0.999),实验进一步测量分析了环境放射性本底能谱和铜片对γ射线的吸收特性,线性衰减系数测量准确(相对标准不确定度<5%),与理论值吻合。研究结果表明,天然放射性材料可有效支持γ能谱实验教学、拓展传统γ能谱实验的内容,也为无放射源资质的院校降低实验开设门槛、提供安全、经济的实验方案。
关键词(KeyWords): 天然放射性;γ能谱实验;~(176)Lu;~(40)K;γ射线的吸收
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 宋国锋,谢宁,蔡俊,王中平,张增明
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