张冉,刘鑫

• 1:北京工业大学物理与光电工程学院理论物理研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

拓扑现象是当今物理学研究的热点,该领域的核心研究对象之一是缺陷的拓扑荷。后者往往体现为相关向量场分布的旋转度,因此分辨向量场的图样及其所对应的旋转度有助于识别拓扑荷。这同时也提供了一种可能,即设计特定的向量场分布,以激发出具备特定拓扑荷的缺陷结构。因而清晰掌握并分辨具有不同旋转度(对应拓扑荷)的向量场对研究者十分必要。本文先解说薛定谔量子力学波函数场中所蕴含的缺陷结构的拓扑荷及其与同构的二维向量场旋转度之间的关系,再详细给出二维平面中旋转度为任意正、负整数时的向量场分布图样。本文对初涉拓扑物理学领域的研究生和高年级本科生有重要的参考价值。

关键词(KeyWords)： 拓扑物理;拓扑荷;旋转度;二维向量场;分布图样

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 北京市自然科学基金（IS23030,Z180007）;; 国家自然科学基金（11572005）

作者(Author): 张冉,刘鑫

DOI: 10.27024/j.wlygc.2026.03.11.02

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