经典麦克斯韦妖系统中熵随时间的变化关系THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENTROPY AND TIME IN THE CLASSICAL MAXWELL DEMON SYSTEM
赵欣林,薛郁,蒋绍周
摘要(Abstract)：
麦克斯韦妖的提出是为了表明热力学第二定律可能有问题，但这可以通过引入信息熵解决。本文从统计的角度研究了两种简单的麦克斯韦妖系统的最小熵变随时间的变化关系。第一种模型的冷热分子的速度分别相等；第二种模型包含两种分子量的分子，每种分子都满足麦克斯韦速度分布律。通过概率论的方法，研究了系统的热力学熵、信息熵以及总熵的变化情况。系统熵变的理论结果能够得到定量的解释，无需引入任何待定参量或者模拟数据。同时，我们也讨论了不同条件下的系统熵变的情况。所得到的理论结果和模拟数据完全相符。
关键词(KeyWords)： 麦克斯韦妖;信息熵;麦克斯韦速率分布;热力学熵
基金项目(Foundation): 广西自然科学基金(2018GXNSFAA281180)
作者(Author): 赵欣林,薛郁,蒋绍周
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