蜡烛火焰振荡行为的实验探究EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON THE OSCILLATION DYNAMICS OF CANDLE FLAME
张杰,张晨,徐术皓,于一真,王新刚
摘要(Abstract):
燃烧的火焰在一定条件下会呈现出时间上的周期振荡行为,但人们对其背后的动力学机制一直不是很清楚。本文首先利用纹影法对蜡烛的火焰振荡行为进行了实验研究,发现随着火焰尺寸的增加火焰首先从平稳燃烧变为振荡燃烧,之后火焰的振荡频率会逐渐降低。通过简化的燃烧动力学模型,文中进一步对蜡烛火焰的振荡行为进行了数值和理论分析,发现火焰的振荡频率密切依赖于燃料的供应速率和火焰的体积。随着燃料供应速率和火焰体积的增大,火焰首先经历了一次霍普夫分岔进而从平稳燃烧变为振荡燃烧,之后火焰的振荡频率逐渐降低。理论分析结果与实验结论定性吻合。
关键词(KeyWords): 火焰燃烧;周期振荡;霍普夫分岔;纹影法
基金项目(Foundation): 陕西师范大学课堂教学模式创新研究项目(21KT-JG02)
作者(Author): 张杰,张晨,徐术皓,于一真,王新刚
参考文献(References):
- [1] AUFINGER L,BRENNER J,SIMMEL F C.Complex dynamics in a synchronized cell-free genetic clock[J].Nat Commun,2022,13:2852.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30478-2.
- [2] 欧阳颀.反应扩散系统中的斑图动力学[M].上海:上海科技教育出版社,2000.
- [3] BEGGS J M,PLENZ D.Neuronal avalanches in neocortical circuits[J].Journal of neuroscience,2003,23(35):11167-11177.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-35-11167.2003
- [4] KURAMOTO Y,IKUKO N.Statistical macrodynamics of large dynamical systems.Case of a phase transition in oscillator communities[J].Journal of Statistical Physics,1987,49(3):569-605.doi.org/10.1007/BF01009349
- [5] 夏清华,汪秉宏,蒋品群.一个非线性力学问题的讨论[J].大学物理,2003,22(10):3-3.XIA Q H,WANG B H,JIANG P Q.A discussion on nonlinear mechamical problem[J].College Physics,2003,22(10):3-3.(in Chinese)
- [6] 寻之朋,李川南,梁汉普,等.燃烧蜡烛水中悬浮现象的研究[J].大学物理,2019,38(5):39-44.XUN Z P,LI C N,LIANG H P,et al.Study of the phenomenon of burning candles floating in water[J].College Physics,2019,38(5):39-44.(in Chinese)
- [7] GERGELY A,BULCS■,et al.Flickering candle flames and their collective behavior[J].Scientific Reports,2020,10:21305.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78229-x
- [8] KITAHATA H,TAGUCHI J,NAGAYAMA M,et al.Oscillation and synchronization in the combustion of candles[J].Journal of Physical Chemistry A,2009,113(29):8164-8.doi:10.1021/jp901487e
- [9] CHEN T,GUO X,JIA J,et al.Frequency and phase characteristics of candle flame oscillation[J].Scientific Reports,2019,9:342.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-36754-w
- [10] 贾霁.实验研究若干耦合非全同非线性系统的同步行为[D].北京:北京邮电大学,2019.
- [11] ARAYA Y,ITO H,et al.Bifurcation structure of the flame oscillation[J].Physical Review E,2022,33(12):124104.
- [12] 冯天植,刘成民,赵润祥,等.纹影技术述评[J].弹道学报,1994,2(2):89-96.FENG T Z,LIU C M,ZHAO R X,et al.A review on schlieren technique[J].Journal of Ballistics,1994,2(2):89-96.(in Chinese)