利用智能手机磁传感器研究磁阻尼摆运动ANALYZING MAGNETIC DAMPING PENDULUM WITH SMARTPHONE MAGNETIC SENSOR
王锦辉,赵西梅,孙存英,周红,王宇兴
摘要(Abstract):
基于Phyphox手机App,将圆柱形钕铁硼磁铁构成的单摆放在黄铜或铝板表面不同距离摆动,利用智能手机磁传感器研究磁阻尼摆运动。结果表明,相同距离下,黄铜和铝板阻尼系数基本与电导率成正比。对于铝板,磁阻尼摆离开板距离从50mm减小到18mm时,阻尼系数从1.139×10~(-2)s~(-1)增加到1.114×10~(-1)s~(-1),随距离的变化可以用指数函数来拟合。当距离减小到2.5mm时,观察到临界阻尼现象。当磁阻尼摆离开铝板表面距离为18mm,铝板厚度从1.001mm增加到5.615mm时,磁阻尼系数从9.378×10~(-2)s~(-1)增加到1.967×10~(-1)s~(-1)。实验结果与基于磁偶极子的理论模型基本一致。本文所搭建的磁阻尼摆实验装置结构简单,研究内容丰富,特别是能定量地研究磁阻尼现象,可以作为居家物理实验开设。
关键词(KeyWords): Phyphox;智能手机;磁阻尼摆;阻尼系数;磁偶极子
基金项目(Foundation): 上海交通大学决策咨询课题——实验技术专项(JCZXSJB2020-027);; 教育部产学合作协同育人项目(202102227013)
作者(Author): 王锦辉,赵西梅,孙存英,周红,王宇兴
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